Before Spiderman and Superman, America had Frank
Grouard, a superhero before his time.
Frank Grouard was General Crooks most well known
scout. Crook held him in such high regard he told his superiors he would not
lead men into Indian Territory without Grouard as his scout. And latter said he
would rather lose a third of his men before he lost Grouard. This didn’t set
well with the rest of the scouts and might be why he is a somewhat
misunderstood in history.
But this is not the entire story of one of the west’s
most famous scouts. His life story reads more like mountain man fiction than
the truth. Grouard’s father was a missionary from California who married a
native islander while working in the Society Islands of French Polynesia. When
Grouard’s father moved the family to Utah his mother became homesick and returned
to the islands. Frank was left in charge of the family as his father was either
off on a mission or trying to find his wife in the South Pacific.
This didn’t set well with Frank and he left for as
the old-timers used to say, “For parts unknown.” He spent time as a
bull-whacker and later worked for the Pony Express. History doesn’t say much
about his time with the Pony Express but he likely worked for, more than rode
for, them. Grouard, just in his late teens, was described as over six feet tall
and around two-hundred pounds. He probably seemed a giant to most of the riders
who weighed in closer to 100-120 lbs. But he did ride at least a few trips
because on his fourth trip he was captured by the Crow. (Some sources report
the tribe as Blackfeet)
He was tortured by the tribe who let him run for his
life, naked and being beaten by any tribal member that could pick up a stick,
as he ran. But he outdistanced his
captors and escaped, ending up at Fort Hall, nearly 70 miles away.
A year later he was captured by a band of Sioux as
he rode along at a snail’s space in a blinding Wyoming snowstorm. As his
captors argued, over who would get what, of his possessions another man rode
up. This person seemed to be most powerful and he took Grouard as his captive. Grouard
learned during the three day ride to camp he was riding with, Hunkpapa Sioux holy man
Sitting
Bull. When Sitting Bull rode into camp hauling Grouard, Gall and No Neck,
chiefs with as much power, in the tribe, as Sitting Bull insisted he be put to
death, the sooner the better. Grouard with his long black hair and skin of a
pacific islander looked to them like an Indian from another tribe, therefore an
enemy.
Sitting Bull didn’t often, if ever, lose what he
wanted in the tribe. He announced that he had made Grouard, his brother,
renaming him Standing Bear. Because it was the dead of winter Grouard was
wearing a full length bear-skin coat, towering over his captors by three quarters
of a foot and looked, very much, the part of a bear.
Grouard stayed with Sitting Bull and the Hunkpapa for more than six years, reaching
near legendary status in the tribe for his strength, speed, size and look. All
warriors within the tribe, who had ambition to lead, had to undergo the torture
test and Grouard withstood the cutting of 400 pieces of flesh from his arms and
allowed flaming sticks held against his body until they burned out and cooled. He
endured the punishing torture for more than four hours. Never crying out or flinching and was
pronounced, “brave.”
Depending on which western history authority is
researched, Grouard either escaped or was left with blessings from the tribe
after six or seven years with Sitting Bull. All of this and he had, by then,
reached the grand old age of 25 or 26. He went on to become one of the most
famous scouts in the west working for the U.S. Army and General Crook.
Grouard reached
Little Big Horn shortly after Custer and the seventh were annihilated and was
the first to report the news to Crook. He was present at Fort Robinson,
Nebraska when Crazy Horse was murdered. He was also on the Yellowstone
Expeditions and at the battle of Slim Buttes. He was assigned to the Pine Ridge
Reservation during the Ghost Dance Uprising and was present at the Wounded Knee
Massacre in 1890. Grouard later served as a U. S Marshal in Fort McKinney near
Buffalo, Worming and was somehow connected to Wyoming’s Johnson County War of
1892.
Here was a man that
made history and lived history.
You can get the
full text of the Life and Times of Frank Grouard here-
2 comments:
Now thats a life well lived!
As much as this is a great person to highlight, you've presented a lot of fallacies that are continually repeated as fact. By using Joe DeBarthe as your source, you've done yourself a huge disfavor.
There are a couple of accounts of Grouard being close to punches with DeBarthe because of the exaggerations contained in the book. DeBarthe was a newspaper man trying to sell books about a man that was nationally known. The part about Grouard being at Little Big Horn shortly after is complete fabrication. The fact is that Crook was not informed of the incident until August 10. The rest of the country was perhaps more informed of the incident than Gen. George Crook. DeBarthe as a contributor to Grouard's life story is to be trusted with a small grain of salt, almost to the point that DeBarthe discredits his own work by the misinformation it contains. Even the Annals of Wyoming offered a scathing critique when the University of Oklahoma Press released the concise version in the 1950s.
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